Switched parasitic antenna on a finite ground plane with conductive sleeve,” Antennas and Propagation

Abstract—A switched parasitic monopole antenna on a finite ground structure with a conductive sleeve attached to a small, cir-cular ground plane controls the vertical radiation direction. The antenna was designed using a genetic algorithm and finite element (FEM) solver. At 1.575 GHz, the constructed antenna exhibited a front to back ratio of 10.7 dB and gain of 6.4 dBi with no elevation from the horizontal. The switched parasitic nature of the antenna allowed it to steer a directional beam through 5 locations in the azimuth. Incremented from 0 to 0 45, the sleeve was observed to linearly depress the main lobe elevation with little influence on other antenna characteristics such as gain and